Agricultural Credit - 3628 Words

An Assessment of Agriculture Credit at PNB Introduction Agriculture plays a crucial role in the development of the Indian economy. It accounts for about 15.7 per cent of GDP and 52.1 per cent of the total workforce of the population is dependent on the sector, and despite a steady decline of its share in the GDP, is still the largest economic sector and a significant piece of the overall socio-economic development of India. The importance of farm credit as a critical input to agriculture is reinforced by the unique role of Indian agriculture in the macroeconomic framework and its role in poverty alleviation. Recognising the importance of agriculture sector in India’s development, the Government and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have†¦show more content†¦Indirect finance denotes to finance provided by banks to farmers indirectly, i.e., through other agencies. Important items included under indirect finance to agriculture are as under : (i) Credit for financing the distribution of fertilisers, pesticides, seeds, etc. (ii) Loans upto Rs. 25 lakhs granted for financing distribution of inputs for the allied activities such as, cattle feed, poultry feed, etc. (iii) Loans to Electricity Boards for reimbursing the expenditure already incurred by them for providing low tension connection from step-down point to individual farmers for energising their wells. (iv) Loans to State Electricity Boards for Systems Improvement Scheme under Special Project Agriculture (SI-SPA). (v) Deposits held by the banks in Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) maintained with NABARD. (vi) Subscription to bonds issued by Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) exclusively for financing pump-set energisation programme in rural and semi-urban areas and also for financing System Improvement Programme (SI-SPA). (vii) Subscriptions to bonds issued by NABARD with the objective of financing agriculture/allied activities. (viii)Finance extended to dealers in drip irrigation/sprinkler irrigation system/agricultural machinery, subject to the following conditions: (a) The dealer should be located in the rural/semi-urban areas. (b) He should be dealing exclusively in such items or if dealing inShow MoreRelatedGovernment Of Indi The Four Distributional Aspects Of Agricultural Credit Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesinstitutional credit. It is true that there have been some improvements in flow of farm credit in recent years. However, the Government has to be sensitive to the four distributional aspects of agricultural credit. These are: (a) not much improvement in the share of small and marginal farmers . (b) decline in credit-deposit (CD) ratios of rural and semi-urban branches. (c) increase in the share of indirect credit in total agricultural credit and. (d) significant regional inequalities in credit. (PoliciesRead MoreThe Demand Side Issues Of Agricultural Credit Essay1283 Words   |  6 Pages Sriram (2007) has stressed that the policy intervention in agriculture has been credit driven only, which becomes more pronounced in the recent interventions made by the government through the policy of doubling of agricultural credit, providing subvention and putting an upper cap on interest-rates for agricultural loans, revival of co-operative credit structure through the package recommendation by the Vaidyanathan Committee and policy responses to farmers suicides butRead MoreAgricultural Machinery Market : A Case Study Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pages Agricultural Machinery Market A Case Study Department of mechanical Assistant Professor and Industrial Engineering Department of mechanical and Industrial Indian Institute of Engineering Technology Roorkee Indian institute Of Technology Roorkee Table of Contents I. Introduction Problem Highlights Topic Justification scope and limitations II Policy III Tractor sales IV Growth in different segment IV Indian agricultural machineryRead MoreEssay On Agricultural Subsidies808 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of export subsidies are extending to other regions.According to Kimberly Amadeo an M.S. in Management from the Sloan School of Business, â€Å"The Export Credit Guarantee Programs provides commercial financing to enable the exports of U.S. farm products. Specifically, the USDA guarantees the credit of foreign buyers when they cant get credit approval locally. The Dairy Export Incentive Program (DEIP) pays cash subsidies to dairy exporters to help them meet the subsidized prices of foreign dairyRead MoreCases of Multiple Providers of Agricultural Extension Service in Bangladesh833 Words   |  3 Pages1.2 Agricultural Extension System: the Bangladesh case In Bangladesh a multitude of agencies from private and public origin offer extension support to the farmers (ASIRP, 2006). Although recent years witness a noticeable change in agricultural extension service providers, the public institutions still remain the dominant. The new entrants to the field include non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the private sector agribusiness enterprises and grass-root institutions eg. Self-Help and micro-creditRead MoreAgricultural Adjustment Program : The Price Loss Coverage ( ARC )734 Words   |  3 Pagesyears the Agricultural Act has allowed the federal government to award billions of dollars to farmers, that determines the foods grown and the foods we eat. The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 mandated the government to pay grant subsidies for corn, wheat and cotton, to maintain adequate supplies of these staple goods during low production times (Orden Zulauf, 2015). The farm bill is revisited every five years, encompassing farm commodity p rices and programs, income, farm credit, trade, agriculturalRead MoreEssay on Problems with Agricultural Subsidies in the United States1645 Words   |  7 PagesIn the 1920s, farmers were encouraged to increase food production to keep up with the demand for food caused by World War I. After the war ended, production stayed at a high level, which led to a large surplus in agricultural products. The large surplus caused a steep drop in the price for the products. The drop in prices caused the market value for crops to go down and made things tougher on the economy. The United States government decided that the best way to correct the market was to put a limitRead MoreThe Educational Institution Approach : Planning1186 Words   |  5 Pagescontrolled by those determining the curriculum of the educational institution. Implementation is through formal or nonformal instruction in groups or individuals through a college or university. Attendance and the extent of participation by farmers in agricultural extension activities are the measures of success. Ideally, researchers learn from extension personnel who, in turn, learn from farmers. However, this rarely occurs in practice. The advantage of this approach is the relationship of specialized scientistsRead Moreexecutive Summary-John Deere3676 Words   |  12 Pagesof agricultural machinery headquartered in Moline, Illinois. What started as a small business operation has sprung into a multibillion-dollar global operation. In 2013 alone, the company boasted sales of $37.80 billion. Founded in 1837 by a blacksmith, the company originally only built plows, and did not assemble their first tractor until they purchased a small tractor company, Waterloo Boy, in 1918. Now the green and yellow machinery is recognized around the world. Although agricultural equipmentRead More American Agriculture Needs a Free-Market System Essay2034 Words   |  9 PagesE...I...E...I...Ohhhhhhh..... The United States Government and agriculture have had a working relationship for most of the twentieth century. In 1916, Congress established the Federal Land Bank to provide farmers with easier access to credit. Then, during the Great Depression, many New Deal programs came to the aid of the farmer (Rapp, 1988). A system of price supports and production quotas was established to ensure price stability. For the first time, farmers were being told not to grow

Characteristics Of A Small Town - 1313 Words

Have you ever gone on a road trip and you re driving through a loud, hectic city and then, BAM! You reach a quiet countryside surrounded by charming houses, and it seems so serene? You have just stepped foot in a small town. I personally prefer living in a small town rather than a big city because I am more comfortable with a smaller area. I come from a small town of about 6,000 people, and I have to say it is so much better than living in a big city (AreaVibes Inc.). Unique characteristics of a small town, a relaxed pace of life, and a safer environment are all reasons to live in a small town. The small town is home. Small towns have their own special characteristics. Not only are they surrounded by beautiful outdoor nature, but they also have a great small town hospitality. You will find people to be more welcoming and will take the time to say hi to you. The environment is much cleaner. You can get to know your neighbors better and makes lots of friends in a small town. It is easi er to get involved in the community. The best thing about small towns is their low cost of living compared to a big city. It is far better to live in a small town where people can take a break to smell the roses and make connections with the people around them. The air is fresh because there is lower population, less vehicles, and less traffic jam. Also, there are lots of trees, forests, or lakes in small town that gives people fresher air. Furthermore, people in rural areas have moreShow MoreRelatedThe Lost Continent as an Epic1143 Words   |  5 Pagestraveling Bill Bryson is in search of a perfect small town. The Lost Continent is a journey traveling across North America with Bill Bryson as the hero and New England as the underworld and Bryson is trying to find his perfect small town to make his story a true epic. Bill Bryson takes on his journey while traveling across North America to find his perfect small town that preserves, restores, rich, and white. Bill Bryson was in search of a perfect small town which he thought he could find somewhere inRead MoreThe Sweet Hereafter and The Pied Piper of Hamelin Essay670 Words   |  3 Pagesthe painful effects disaster can have on a small town. While the people of Hamlin had the Piper to directly blame for their miseries, the people of Sam Dent did not. Both stories are based on the loss of the children in a small town. In The Pied Piper the towns children are lost forever when the Pied Piper leads the majority of them into a cave and seals it off, leading them away from their families, never to return. This occurs due to the towns peoples greed and dishonesty to hold anRead MoreWhere My World Began Essay598 Words   |  3 PagesCharles Maclean Mrs. Burton ENG 3U March 18th 2013 A Small Prairie Town Margaret Laurence describes the basis of her views on the world in her autobiographical essay â€Å"Where the World Began† to represent Canada. She states that her small prairie town constitutes the way she has formed her views. She uses the microcosm of her small town to show Canadas growth as a country through her childhood memories , the seasons of her small town, and where you are raised affects your perspective on theRead MoreSnow Lake Is A Town Of Eastern Arkansas Near The Mississippi River1419 Words   |  6 PagesSnow Lake Snow Lake is a town in eastern Arkansas near the Mississippi River. Calling this area is a town, though, is a stretch for this â€Å"town† only has around 50 people. The area also lacks many other town characteristics. The closest gas station is sixteen miles away from Snow Lake and the restaurant is twenty-six miles away at the town of Elaine. To get any supplies other than what is carried at a gas station Snow Lakers must travel fifty miles to Helena-West Helena which is also the closestRead MoreReflection Of My Personal Culture753 Words   |  4 Pagesand how they interact with the world. Many different characteristics have really shaped me to become who I am today. My personal culture has shaped my own thinking and perception of the world considering that I grew up in a small town, my family’s careers, and having divorced parents. In the conservative small town of Mont Belvieu, Texas with a whopping 5,500 population, there is little room for outside opinions. It is just another southern town that revolves around football and church on SundaysRead MoreEssay on Matewan and Norma Rae922 Words   |  4 Pagesselling their time and energy. However, the town of Matewan, governed by the Stone Mountain Coal Companies monopoly on the land and businesses, and isolated by distance and limited technology, as fallen into a feudalistic condition. Despite the fact that Norma Raes small hometown of Alabama bears a great resemblance to the town of Matewan, their economic situation remains a form of capitalism. Though the Henely Mill is a dominating force in the small town, with a strong financial hold over the citizensRead MoreEthical Issues Of Walmart s Corporate Social Responsibility Using The Four Part Csr Model1052 Words   |  5 PagesIs Walmart socially responsible while it has a devastating impact on small merchants? Walmart knows how it is seen to the public has either an angel or a demon so they are conscious of their social responsibility but more as a whole them to the small merchants they impact when they come into a community. Figure 2-5 in our text lists the top 20 activities and characteristics of social responsible companies, the characteristics used by Walmart are, promotes energy conservation program: renewableRead MoreAnalysis Of Louise Erdrichs The Branch829 Words   |  4 Pagesnew town to live with their aunt and exhibit contrasting reactions to the new environment. Erdrich uses vivid imagery about the town, contrasting diction, and anaphora to portray the stark contrast between the two children on their reaction to the new environment, one being a realist and another being a romantic, and to foreshadow the ending of the passage where the children grasp the harsh reality of the environment in different ways. The author uses plentiful imagery to describe the town andRead MoreSymbolism In The Fat Boy By Owen Marshall807 Words   |  4 PagesAnalyse how the author uses symbolism to communicate an important idea for a particular purpose in a written text. ‘The Fat Boy’ is a short story written by Owen Marshall. The important idea explored in the short story is that small communities in New Zealand can be very judgemental. Instead of admitting they have a problem in their community, residents often choose to blame outsiders and minorities, which means that the real cause of the problem is never solved. In this short story, Marshall usesRead MoreThe Monster By Stephen Crane967 Words   |  4 Pagesand early 20th century. The characters seemed true to the roles that were usual for certain races during this time period. African Americans were typically hired as the help, and often were the spectacles of the town, and Caucasians were typically the leaders, doctors, and judges of the town. In this paper, we are going to look closely at the characters of this complex story, and also how race played a huge role in this story. Many factors played a role in the story, but the effects of race was the

Retail Grocery Store Marketing Strategies †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Retail Grocery Store Marketing Strategies. Answer: Introduction: The first P is defined as Product. A product can be a good or service which fulfills customers expectations. A product is the requirement of consumer. The XYZ supermarkets offer products such as fresh fruits and vegetables. It provides various kinds of fruits and vegetables at attractive offers. The supermarket also makes available organic fruits and vegetables. Plastic bags are totally banned by the supermarket for carrying fruits and vegetables, jute bags are given .Some decisions are supposed to be taken while launching a product and these are: Name, quality, quantity, lifecycle, guarantee, precautions, packaging, repair, profitability, differentiation and many more. Price is what a consumer is supposed to pay for a product. Price has important role in profit margins, demand and supply. The prices offered by XYZ supermarkets in Johor Bahru are fixed. The variation in the price are based on the quantity and quality of the product .The variation in price is also based on the type and quality of the product (Chrysochou, 2010).Consumers have various options for making payment such as- plastic money, coins, debit card, credit card. Some examples of pricing decisions are discounts management, offers, price gain, price discrimination and many more important areas. Place is where a customer can get a product. Distribution channel is the main element of Place. A businessman faces its competitors at Place. A customer gets different kind of products at a place. If a transaction does not happen at place then it occurs online. XYZ Supermarkets can be established at any place like-railway station, airports, local area market as these are highly populated. Decisions taken in case of place are orders, warehousing, transportation, channels and competitors. Promotion includes various terms such as advertisement, sales promotions, publicity, direct selling, public relations and so on. Promotion is the way to communicate with customers. After getting price and place we have to promote the product. The XYZ supermarkets can make use of promotion tools as per their suitability and funds reserved. Boarding and banners are widely used at the prime locations for the awareness in Johor Bahru (Glanz, Bader Iyer, 2012). Television is also one of the effective tool for the promotion however its quite expensive method. Decisions required in promotions are marketing strategy, type of media, direct selling, advertisement, publicity and many more ways. Market segmentation means segregation of customers into groups who have common needs, interest and taste. Market segmentation gives identification to customers based on their priorities. In Johor Bahru market segmentation is done by XYZ supermarket on the basis of following variables- In Market segmentation, Demographic variables are done on the basis of the occupation of the people. The different segment of people includes students, laborers, working people, and senior citizens. Segment is also done on the basis of income, age and gender of customers. In the psychographic variable segment is done on the basis of lifestyle, preference and choice of customers management. Behavior variables are identified as attitude of the consumer. Consumers prefer to eat green and organic vegetables. For this the owner maintains more stock of these for consumption. References Chrysochou, P., 2010. Food health branding: The role of marketing mix elements and public discourse in conveying a healthy brand image.Journal of Marketing Communications,16(1-2), pp.69-85. Glanz, K., Bader, M.D. and Iyer, S., 2012. Retail grocery store marketing strategies and obesity: an integrative review.American journal of preventive medicine,42(5), pp.503-512.

The Population Bomb Essays - Population Ecology,

The Population Bomb By Paul Erhlich The book The Population Bomb, Paul Erhlich describes the impending problem of human overpopulation. Eventhough this book was written in the 1960's, Erhlich still brings up many points which are still valid in today's society. Environmental science often is not thought of by the public or the government, let alone the problem of human overpopulation, so this book served as one of the first looks into the issue. Environmental activists are often shunned as being too leftist or straight out insane. By making many logistical arguments, Mr. Erhlich shows us that environmental problems aren't so farfetched. Erhlich speaks of several problems which are intertwined with the one of population. The first problem which Erhlich delves into, is that of the depleted food source. As the population grows larger, the food supply diminishes. He claims that there are 2 natural solutions to this problem; one being the death rate solution, and the other, the birth rate solution. The death rate solution would be the increase in the death rate and the birth rate solution would be a decrease in the birth rate, respectively. Erhlich also warns that the doubling times of populations are becoming more frequent and that exponential growth will start occurring, and from studies done on animal populations, we know that exponential growth leads to near extinction. Another problem Erhlich speaks of is the environmental erosion due to human exploitation. Humans also always turn to pesticides to take care of their problems, however they do not realize that what they are doing is slowly killing themselves and everything on the Earth, along with the pests the poison is intended for. As a cause of the overuse of pesticides, the agricultural worth of the farmland is also decreasing. Erhlich warns that pesticides only create resistant pests and aid in the formation of cancer. Some pesticides seem to have no apparent effects, but they actually are building up in the body, by being stored in the fatty tissue, such as DDT. Erhlich also speaks of the arising problems created by the use of monoculture for farming and of the simple ecosystems we are creating to make things easier for ourselves. By implementing monoculture, we are facilitating the destruction of the crops. Crops are more susceptible to disease and pests by not having any variety. Pesticides also cause pollution. They pollute not only our air, but our land, water and bodies. Pesticides run off from the land into rivers, then are carried into the ocean where they contaminate our food and water supplies, leading in some cases to death. For instance, Lake Erie is now "dead" because of pollution. It is horrible that we are killing the very thing which supports us. The only time when the government will take action to help the environment is when there is massive death tolls. Erhlich claims that we are playing "environmental roulette" by ignoring the preservation of the environment. Lead pollution, over reliance on fossil fuels, and pesticides are ruining the Earth. We have too many cars, too many people, too little water and not enough food. Erhlich says that if we do not stop what we are doing, then nature will remedy itself of this problem by way of a death solution. We have unknowingly begun self-extermination. Overpopulation causes diseases to be more readily spread. There will not be enough doctors to take care of the sick, sanitation will go down, and vectors will be able to survive and spread diseases. Viruses will be spread by our rapid transportation systems and biological warfare may take place. (How right he was about that!) Erhlich explains that we need to begin using contraception, need to begin caring and environmentalists need to be allowed to take action. We also should increase food production and let farmland rest to regain lost nutrients. To my knowledge the novel did not have much direct effect on the way environmental science is approached. What this book did accomplish is to alert people to the problem. No one ever thinks that human population could be a problem. According to humans, humans are never the source of a problem, so then why concern yourself with something such as human population?